[Science Stickers] Making molds: Do you know the difference between threaded NPT teeth, PT teeth, and G teeth?

NPT is a general-purpose American standard tapered pipe thread with a profile angle of 60°. The PT thread is an inch taper thread with a tooth profile angle of 55°. The most commonly used inch pipe thread in sealing is a fine thread. Because the coarse thread has a large tooth depth, it will seriously reduce the strength of the pipe with the outer diameter of the thread. PF thread is a parallel thread for pipe. G is a 55-degree non-thread sealed pipe thread, which belongs to the Wyeth thread family. Marked as G stands for cylindrical thread. G is the general name of pipe thread (Guan). The division of 55 and 60 degrees belongs to the functional ZG commonly known as pipe cone, that is, the thread is processed by a conical surface. The general water pipe joints are like this. The old national standard marked Rc metric thread is expressed by the pitch, and the American and British thread is expressed by the number of threads per inch. This is the biggest difference between them. The metric thread is 60 degrees equilateral thread type, and the inch thread is isosceles 55 degrees. Thread type, American thread 60 degrees. Metric units are used for metric threads, and imperial units are used for American and British threads. Pipe thread is mainly used to connect pipelines. The internal and external threads are closely matched, and there are two types of straight pipes and tapered pipes. The nominal diameter refers to the diameter of the connected pipe, obviously the larger diameter of the thread is larger than the nominal diameter. 1/4, 1/2, 1/8 are the nominal diameters of inch threads, in inches.

1. The inch system uniform thread is widely used in inch system countries. This type of thread is divided into three series: coarse thread series UNC, fine thread series UNF, extra fine thread series UNFF, plus a fixed pitch series UN.

Marking method: thread diameter—number of teeth per inch series code—precision grade

Example: Coarse tooth series 3/8—16UNC—2A

Fine tooth series 3/8—24UNF—2A

Extra fine teeth series 3/8—32UNFF—2A

Fixed pitch series 3/8—20UN—2A

The first digit 3/8 represents the outer diameter of the thread, the unit is inches, and the conversion to the metric unit mm needs to be multiplied by 25.4, that is, 3/8×25.4=9.525mm; the second and third digits 16, 24, 32, and 20 are The number of teeth per inch (the number of teeth on a length of 25.4mm); the text codes UNC, UNF, UNFF, UN after the third digit are the serial codes, and the last two digits 2A are the accuracy grades.

2. Conversion of 55° cylindrical pipe thread

The 55° cylindrical pipe thread comes from the inch series, but it is widely used in metric and inch countries. It is used for the connection of pipe joints and pipes for conveying liquids, gases and installing wires. However, the codes of each country are different, so you should press The foreign codes in the table (contrast table) are transformed into the codes of our country. Now the codes of 55° cylindrical pipe threads in various countries are listed in the table below.

Country code

China G

Japan G, PF

UK BSP, BSPP

French G

Germany R (internal thread), K (external thread)

Former Soviet Union G, TPУБ

ISO Rp

3. Conversion of 55° tapered pipe thread

55° tapered pipe thread means that the thread profile angle is 55° and the thread has a taper of 1:16. This series of threads are widely used in the world, and its code names are different in different countries. See the table below. According to the foreign code in the table below, it will be transformed into a Chinese code.

Country code

China ZG, R (external thread)

British BSPT, R (external thread), Rc (internal thread)

France G (external thread), R (external thread)

Germany R (external thread)

Japan PT, R

ISO R (external thread), Rc (internal thread)

4. Conversion of 60° tapered pipe thread

The 60° tapered pipe thread refers to a pipe thread with a tooth profile angle of 60° and a thread taper of 1:16. This series of threads is used in the machine tool industry in my country, the United States and the former Soviet Union. Its code name was designated as K in the past in our country, and later designated as Z, and now it is changed to NPT. See the table below for the comparison table of thread codes.

Country code

China Z (old) NPT (new)

U.S. NPT

Soviet Union B

5. Conversion of 55° trapezoidal thread

Trapezoidal thread refers to a metric trapezoidal thread with a profile angle of 30°. This series of thread is relatively uniform at home and abroad, and its code is quite consistent. See below for the thread code

Country code

China T (old) Tr (new)

ISO Tr

Germany Tr

Former Soviet Union Tr

According to the different uses of threads, it can be divided

1. International metric standard thread

(InternationalMetricThreadSystem：

The thread used in my country's national standard CNS. The top of the tooth is flat, which is easy to turn, and the bottom of the tooth is arc-shaped to increase the thread strength. The thread angle is 60 degrees, and the specification is represented by M. Metric thread can be divided into two types: coarse thread and fine thread. The notation is M8x1.25. (M: code, 8: nominal diameter, 1.25: pitch).

2. American standard thread

(AmericanStandardThread)：

Both the top and root of the thread are flat and the strength is better. The thread angle is also 60 degrees, and the specification is expressed by a few teeth per inch. This kind of thread can be divided into three grades: coarse thread (NC); fine thread (NF); extra fine thread (NEF). The notation is like 1/2-10NC. (1/2: outer diameter; 10: number of teeth per inch; NC code).

3. Unified standard thread

(UnifiedThread)：

Jointly formulated by the United States, Britain, and Canada, it is the commonly used inch thread at present.

The thread angle is also 60 degrees, and the specification is expressed by a few teeth per inch. This kind of thread can be divided into coarse thread (UNC); fine thread (UNF); extra fine thread (UNEF). The notation is like 1/2-10UNC. (1/2: outer diameter; 10: number of teeth per inch; UNC code)

4. V-shaped thread

(Sharp VThread)：

The top and root are both pointed, weak in strength, and not often used. The thread angle is 60 degrees.

5. Hui type thread

(WhitworthThread)：

Thread adopted by British National Standard. The thread angle is 55 degrees, and the symbol is "W". It is suitable for manufacturing by rolling method. The notation is like W1/2-10. (1/2: outer diameter; 10: number of teeth per inch; W code).

6. Round thread

(KnuckleThread)：

It is the standard thread specified by German DIN. Suitable for the connection of bulbs and rubber tubes. The symbol is "Rd".

7. Thread for pipe

(PipeThread)：

Threads used to prevent leakage are often used to connect gas or liquid pipe fittings. The thread angle is 55 degrees, which can be divided into straight pipe thread code "PS, NPS" and oblique pipe thread code "NPT". The taper is 1:16, that is, 3/4 inch per foot.

8. Square thread

(SquareThread)：

The transmission efficiency is high, second only to the ball thread, and it cannot be adjusted with a nut after wear, which is a disadvantage. Generally used for the screw of the vise and the screw of the crane.

9. Trapezoidal thread

(TrapezoidalThread) ：

Also known as Akem thread. The transmission efficiency is slightly lower than that of the square thread, but it can be adjusted with a nut after wear. The metric thread angle is 30 degrees, and the inch thread angle is 29 degrees. Generally used for the lead screw of a lathe. The symbol is "Tr".

 10. Serrated thread

(ButtressThread)：

Also called oblique thread, it is only suitable for unidirectional transmission. Such as screw jacks, presses, etc. The symbol is "Bu".

11. Ball thread:

For the thread with the best transmission efficiency, it is difficult to manufacture and the cost is extremely high. It is used for precision machinery. Such as the lead screw of a CNC machine tool.

Representation of inch bolts:

LH 2N 5/8 x 3 - 13UNC-2A

(1) LH is left-hand thread (RH is right-hand thread, which can be omitted).

(2) 2N double thread thread.

(3) 5/8 inch thread, outer diameter 5/8”.

(4) 3 Bolt length is 3".

(5) 13 thread counts 13 teeth per inch.

(6) UNC unified standard thread coarse thread.

(7) Level 2 fit, external thread (3: tight fit; 2: middle fit; 1: loose fit) A: external thread (can be omitted) B: internal thread

This article comes from the Internet, only for learning and communication, no commercial purpose.

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